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由于中西方人士的思维方式不一样,对表达同意事物或概念所用的词也不一样。所以,向增词技巧一样,在翻译法律语言时,有时也需要减词。减词的方式有很多,可以把介词省略,也可以把位于动词省略,甚至可以把一个从句省略。译者在运用这种减词技巧时,就应当根据上下文意思和译文的表达习惯,合适地选择省词。在省词时应注意的是,译者绝对不可以随便省词,切不可因为省词而改变了原文的含义。如果这样,那就改变了这种省词技巧的原有功能了。
1、If any guarantee is required as security for any external financing of the Company approved by the Board in accordance with Article 8.2(c)(v), and if the Parties agree to provide guarantees in relation to such financing, the Parties shall severally guarantee the obligations of the Company under such external financing in proportion to their respective interests in the registered capital of the Company at such time as the guarantee is given (unless otherwise agreed in writing by the Parties).
参考译文:如果合营公司董事会依照第8.2(c)(v)条批准的外部融资需要以保证形式提供担保,并且双方同意对该融资提供保证,则(除非双方另有书面协议)双方应按当时在合营公司注册资本中所占份额的比例分别各自对合营公司的义务提供保证。
解释:在原文中,“such time as the guarantee is given”本来是个定语从句,但译者在对其进行翻译时,根据上下文意思和逻辑关系就直接把它翻译成了“当时”。尽管作者省略了一个从句,但并没有改变原文的意思。在经过这样的省词后,译文反而更加通顺,更加符合中文的表达习惯。
2、The growth of capitalism and the competition for domestic and international business have led to a never-ending stream of new business instruments and techniques and sophisticated markets, each with its own communication system, its trading rules and its procedures for clearance and settlement.
参考译文:随着资本注意的发展以及国内、国际业务的竞争的加剧,新的交易手段和商业技术层出不穷,市场变得更加专业化、更加成熟,每种市场都拥有自己的通讯系统、自己的贸易规则和自己的清算结算程序。
解释:原文中有“has led to”这个动词,但在译文中译者省略了它的中文对应词。译者这样的省略的目的是为了使译文更加通顺,更加符合中文的表达习惯。尽管译者这样省略,其译文并没有改变原文的意思。
3、With the abandonment of mercantilism and the grant of oversea state trading monopolies, paternalism gave way to private enterprise. It is a fact that in the development of our legal techniques for the accommodation of business transactions the legislature has, rather remarkably, played almost no part at all.
参考译文:放弃重商主义,赋予海外贸易的国家垄断权,家长式的管理便让位给了私人企业。事实上,在调整商业贸易的法律技术的发展过程重,立法显然没起什么作用。
解释:原文中,“With the abandonment of mercantilism and the grant of oversea state trading monopolies”这个短语是靠”with”的连接才成为主句的状语的,但是译者在翻译时却省略了”with”的作用,直接就将起所连接的词当作两个短语。在译文的整个句子中,这两个短语就和主句构成了一个前后时间相连的复句。
4、If the medieval lex mercatoria laid the foundations, its is the central courts, particularly from the eighteenth century onwards, that have fashioned the body of principles and rules making up modern English commercial law.
参考译文:如果中世纪的商人法奠定了基础,那么就是由中央法院,由其从18世纪以来,培育了英国现代商法的众多的规则和原则。
解释:原文中,”making up”构成了“English commercial law”修饰“the body of principles and rules”的现在分词短语。但是译者在翻译时根据中文的表达习惯将其所隐含的中文含义给省略了。译者尽管这样省略,但没有将原文的意思缩小。
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